Activity rhythm of wild boar and roe deer and its relationship with moonlight cycle in sympatric distribution

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 同域分布的野猪与狍活动节律及与月光周期的关系 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202203100582 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 穆棱红豆杉国家级自然保护区野生动物监测;黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2021B002);藏财预指(2020-11-05) Activity rhythm of wild boar and roe deer its relationship with moonlight cycle in sympatric distribution Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 访问统计 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献 资源附件 文章评论 摘要:完全的竞争者不能共存,物种间生态位分化是同域物种长期稳定共存的基础。不同物种在同一分布区时间生态位的分化对其共存至关重要。为研究同域分布物种的共存机制,在2018年11月到2021年7月利用远红外相机监测技术对穆棱东北红豆杉国家级自然保护区同域分布的野猪(Sus scrofa)和狍(Capreolus pygargus)进行了野外监测研究,并利用核密度估计方法和雅各布斯选择指数(JSI)对日活动节律和一段时间内的活动周期选择进行了评估,同时还利用非参数检验评估了2个物种的活动与月光周期的关系。研究结果表明,狍不管在全年还是在不同的季节,日活动节律均为双峰模式,而野猪的活动模式表现出明显的可塑性,在全年和冷季为单峰型,暖季为双峰型,二者在日活动节律上的重叠程度较高(Dhat>0.59),在暖季的重叠系数最高(Dhat=0.65)。此外,在时间段的选择上,狍在全年和冷季更喜欢在黎明和黄昏活动(0.170.32),而野猪活动在全年和冷季对白天和黄昏的选择更多(JSI>0.3),暖季则更喜欢在白天活动(JSIday=0.86),二者在夜晚的活动都较少(JSInight< 0),其中野猪尤为明显(JSInight< -0.63)。狍在各月光周期间的出现频次存在显著差异(P<0.05),满月期活动较频繁,下弦月期活动频次最少,而野猪的活动与月光周期的相关性较弱(P>0.05)。研究野猪和狍的时间重叠,为研究大型食肉动物与猎物的互作关系奠定了基础。 Abstract:Complete competitors cannot coexist, the long-term stable coexistence species is based on interspecific niche differentiation. The temporal differentiation different same area very important for their coexistence. In order to study mechanism species, we used camera trapping conduct field survey (Sus scrofa) (Capreolus pygargus), which were both distributed Muling Japanese Yew National Nature Reserve from November 2018 July 2021. We kernel density estimation method Jacobs Selection Index (JSI) evaluate daily activity selection a period diel cycle, also analyzed between activities two by nonparametric tests. results showed that was higher peaks whole year or seasons. Nevertheless, pattern obvious plasticity, unimodal cold season, bimodal warm season. there moderate degree overlap them (Dhat>0.59), highest (Dhat=0.65, 0.55-0.75) addition, terms time selection, more likely active at dawn dusk season (0.170.32). However, frequent during day (JSI>0.3), preferred be worm (JSIday=0.86). Furthermore, less night (JSInight<0), especially (JSInight<-0.63). frequency behaviors differed significantly moon phase (P<0.05), full period. not related (P>0.05). provides research basis interaction large carnivores prey.